{"id":2006,"date":"2025-10-11T20:01:15","date_gmt":"2025-10-11T20:01:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/?page_id=2006"},"modified":"2026-02-04T19:11:15","modified_gmt":"2026-02-04T19:11:15","slug":"mensaje-bioquimico-2025","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/index.php\/mensaje-bioquimico-2025\/","title":{"rendered":"MENSAJE BIOQU\u00cdMICO 2025"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Header Section&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; background_image=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/header-bg.jpg&#8221; background_position=&#8221;top_center&#8221; min_height=&#8221;785px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||-305px|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;75px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_2,1_2&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Header Row&#8221; 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header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; max_width=&#8221;640px&#8221; max_width_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;0px|||0px&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;40px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"fs18\" style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 18pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 31px; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">30 a\u00f1os de ense\u00f1anza de la inmunolog\u00eda en la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/pdf.png&#8221; url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/01-Dr.-Jesus-Marvin-Rivera-Jimenez_GALERAS-FINAL4.pdf&#8221; url_new_window=&#8221;on&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; width=&#8221;6%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;1&#8243; make_equal=&#8221;on&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; min_height=&#8221;171px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px|10%|0px|20%&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;|||10%&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;&#8221; use_custom_width=&#8221;on&#8221; width_unit=&#8221;off&#8221; custom_width_percent=&#8221;100%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; background_color=&#8221;#F4583F&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_testimonial portrait_url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/01-marvin.png&#8221; quote_icon=&#8221;off&#8221; portrait_width=&#8221;150px&#8221; portrait_height=&#8221;150px&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; body_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; body_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#0c71c3&#8243; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_stops=&#8221;#b3b3b3 0%|#ffffff 100%&#8221; background_color_gradient_start=&#8221;#b3b3b3&#8243; background_color_gradient_end=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;dark&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;left&#8221; min_height=&#8221;99px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;80px||80px|&#8221; border_radii_portrait=&#8221;on|100px|100px|100px|100px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\"><strong style=\"font-size: 100%;\">DR. JES\u00daS MARVIN RIVERA JIM\u00c9NEZ<\/strong><b class=\"fs12\" style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 12pt; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\u00a0<\/b><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">\n<p>Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico.<\/p>\n<p>Avenida Universidad 3000, Col. Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico C.U., Coyoac\u00e1n, CDMX, CP 04510. Tel: (+52)5556232178, <a href=\"mailto:julieta@astro.unam.mx\" style=\"color: #ff6600;\">marviniko@facmed.unam.mx<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_testimonial][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-68px|auto||auto||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Georgia||||||||&#8221; min_height=&#8221;642px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||-150px|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;37px|||||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/01-resumen.png\" width=\"320\" height=\"194\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2031 alignnone size-full\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" srcset=\"http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/01-resumen.png 406w, http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/01-resumen-300x182.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 320px) 100vw, 320px\" \/><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">Resumen<\/b><\/p>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<p>La inmunolog\u00eda es una ciencia relativamente reciente, que ha hecho grandes aportaciones al conocimiento cient\u00edfico y m\u00e9dico. Su ense\u00f1anza en la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico ha evolucionado en paralelo con los avances cient\u00edficos, educativos y tecnol\u00f3gicos, lo que le ha permitido consolidarse como una asignatura independiente en la formaci\u00f3n de los estudiantes de medicina a partir del Plan \u00danico de Estudios de 1993.<br \/>Desde ese momento, la Coordinaci\u00f3n de Inmunolog\u00eda ha promovido la innovaci\u00f3n educativa, mediante el uso de las tecnolog\u00edas de la informaci\u00f3n y la comunicaci\u00f3n, destacando el aula virtual y las redes sociales, as\u00ed como las diferentes actividades de desarrollo acad\u00e9mico, difusi\u00f3n y divulgaci\u00f3n de la ciencia, obteniendo con ello el reconocimiento de la comunidad acad\u00e9mica, lo cual le ha permitido tambi\u00e9n colocarse como referente en la formaci\u00f3n de recursos humanos dentro y fuera de la Facultad de Medicina.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; 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text_font_size=&#8221;18px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.8em&#8221; header_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Muli|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;50px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; max_width=&#8221;640px&#8221; max_width_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;0px|||0px&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;40px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"fs18\" style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 18pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 31px; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">Integrando la gen\u00f3mica en la lucha contra pat\u00f3genos multirresistentes en M\u00e9xico: avances y desaf\u00edos<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/pdf.png&#8221; url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/02.-DRA-DIANA-CEAPA_GALERAS-FINAL2.pdf&#8221; url_new_window=&#8221;on&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; width=&#8221;6%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;1&#8243; make_equal=&#8221;on&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; min_height=&#8221;171px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px|10%|0px|20%&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;|||10%&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;&#8221; use_custom_width=&#8221;on&#8221; width_unit=&#8221;off&#8221; custom_width_percent=&#8221;100%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; background_color=&#8221;#F4583F&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_testimonial portrait_url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/corina1.png&#8221; quote_icon=&#8221;off&#8221; portrait_width=&#8221;150px&#8221; portrait_height=&#8221;150px&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; body_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; body_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#0c71c3&#8243; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_stops=&#8221;#b3b3b3 0%|#ffffff 100%&#8221; background_color_gradient_start=&#8221;#b3b3b3&#8243; background_color_gradient_end=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;dark&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;left&#8221; min_height=&#8221;99px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;80px||80px|&#8221; border_radii_portrait=&#8221;on|100px|100px|100px|100px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\"><strong style=\"font-size: 100%;\"><strong>DRA. CORINA DIANA CEAP\u0102<\/strong><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\"><b class=\"fs12\" style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 12pt; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\u00a0<\/b><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">\n<p>Laboratorio de Microbiolog\u00eda, Productos Naturales, Instituto de Qu\u00edmica, UNAM<\/p>\n<p>Circuito Exterior s\/n, Circuito de la Investigaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica, C.U., 04510 Coyoac\u00e1n, CDMX.<\/p>\n<p>Tel: +(52) 55 56 22 47 70, ext. 33302<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"mailto:julieta@astro.unam.mx\" style=\"color: #ff6600;\">corina.ceapa@iquimica.unam.mx<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>ORCID: 0000-0001-8661-4211<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_testimonial][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-68px|auto||auto||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Georgia||||||||&#8221; min_height=&#8221;516px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||-170px|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;37px||0px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/corina2-1024x602.png\" width=\"471\" height=\"277\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2038 alignnone size-large\" style=\"float: left;\" \/><\/p>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><span class=\"fs12 ff1\" style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">Resumen<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<p>El aumento de pat\u00f3genos multirresistentes plantea un desaf\u00edo cr\u00edtico para la salud p\u00fablica global, con implicaciones particularmente complejas en el contexto mexicano. Este manuscrito revisa los avances recientes en epidemiolog\u00eda molecular, entendida como el an\u00e1lisis de los determinantes gen\u00e9ticos y proteicos que confieren resistencia antimicrobiana, m\u00e1s all\u00e1 de los perfiles fenot\u00edpicos convencionales de aislados cl\u00ednicos. El estudio de datos gen\u00f3micos disponibles permite profundizar en los mecanismos moleculares subyacentes y detectar posibles blancos terap\u00e9uticos. No obstante, se evidencia una limitada producci\u00f3n de estudios sistem\u00e1ticos en M\u00e9xico, lo que restringe la capacidad de anticipaci\u00f3n y respuesta frente a la diseminaci\u00f3n de estos agentes. Este trabajo enfatiza la urgencia de fortalecer la vigilancia gen\u00f3mica e incorporar herramientas de epidemiolog\u00eda molecular en las pol\u00edticas sanitarias, como componente esencial para contener la expansi\u00f3n de infecciones resistentes en el pa\u00eds.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_divider color=&#8221;#0400f0&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Section&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-162px|||||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px|&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row admin_label=&#8221;Title Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Title &#038; Paragraph&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;18px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.8em&#8221; header_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Muli|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;50px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; max_width=&#8221;640px&#8221; max_width_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;0px|||0px&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;40px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"fs18\" style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 18pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 31px; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">Papel del complejo III mitocondrial como andamio de los respirasomas eucariotes<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/pdf.png&#8221; url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/03-Dr.-Hector-Miranda_GALERAS_FINAL6.pdf&#8221; url_new_window=&#8221;on&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; width=&#8221;6%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;1&#8243; make_equal=&#8221;on&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; min_height=&#8221;171px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px|10%|0px|20%&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;|||10%&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;&#8221; use_custom_width=&#8221;on&#8221; width_unit=&#8221;off&#8221; custom_width_percent=&#8221;100%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; background_color=&#8221;#F4583F&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_testimonial portrait_url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/hector1.png&#8221; quote_icon=&#8221;off&#8221; portrait_width=&#8221;150px&#8221; portrait_height=&#8221;150px&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; body_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; body_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#0c71c3&#8243; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_stops=&#8221;#b3b3b3 0%|#ffffff 100%&#8221; background_color_gradient_start=&#8221;#b3b3b3&#8243; background_color_gradient_end=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;dark&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;left&#8221; min_height=&#8221;99px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;80px||80px|&#8221; border_radii_portrait=&#8221;on|100px|100px|100px|100px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\"><strong>DR. H\u00c9CTOR VICENTE MIRANDA ASTUDILLO<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">\n<p>Departamento de Biolog\u00eda Molecular y Biotecnolog\u00eda, Instituto de Investigaciones Biom\u00e9dicas, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, M\u00e9xico<\/p>\n<p>Tercer Circuito Exterior S\/N, Col. Copilco Universidad, Alcald\u00eda Coyoac\u00e1n, Cd. de M\u00e9xico, C.P. 04510, M\u00e9xico. Tel: +52 (55) 5622 9179; <a href=\"mailto:julieta@astro.unam.mx\" style=\"color: #ff6600;\">hmiranda@iibiomedicas.unam.mx<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>ORCID:0000-0002-7728-2718<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_testimonial][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-68px|auto||auto||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Georgia||||||||&#8221; min_height=&#8221;642px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||-190px|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;37px||37px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/hector2.png\" width=\"366\" height=\"408\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2042 alignnone size-full\" style=\"float: left;\" \/><\/p>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><span class=\"fs12 ff1\" style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">Resumen<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<p>La cadena respiratoria acopla la transferencia de electrones con el bombeo de protones a trav\u00e9s de la membrana interna mitocondrial, lo que genera una fuerza prot\u00f3n motriz que es utilizada por la ATP sintasa para la producci\u00f3n de ATP. Los complejos respiratorios involucrados en este proceso pueden asociarse entre s\u00ed para la formaci\u00f3n de supercomplejos y respirasomas, los cuales se propone, tienen funciones estructurales, de regulaci\u00f3n de la producci\u00f3n de especies reactivas de ox\u00edgeno, y de mejorar la eficiencia catal\u00edtica, entre otras. Con la descripci\u00f3n de las estructuras de alta resoluci\u00f3n de los supercomplejos de eucariotes de diferentes linajes evolutivos, es evidente que existe una conservaci\u00f3n en la asociaci\u00f3n de los complejos respiratorios. A diferencia de los complejos I, IV y V, el complejo III mitocondrial presenta un alto nivel de conservaci\u00f3n estructural entre diferentes linajes de eucariotes, adicionalmente, este complejo se localiza en el centro de los respirasomas, por lo que podr\u00eda tener un papel fundamental como andamio de los mismos.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_divider color=&#8221;#0400f0&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Section&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-162px|||||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px|&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row admin_label=&#8221;Title Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Title &#038; Paragraph&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;18px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.8em&#8221; header_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Muli|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;50px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; max_width=&#8221;640px&#8221; max_width_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;0px|||0px&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;40px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"fs18\" style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 18pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 31px; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">Respiraci\u00f3n y citocromo c oxidasa: \u00bfC\u00f3mo se ensambla esta enzima<\/span><\/strong><a href=\"\/\/10.22201\/fm.0188137xe.2019.43.01\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/pdf.png&#8221; url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/04-Dra.-Xochilt-Perez-Martinez_GALERAS-FINAL1.pdf&#8221; url_new_window=&#8221;on&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; width=&#8221;6%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;1&#8243; make_equal=&#8221;on&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; min_height=&#8221;171px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px|10%|0px|20%&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;|||10%&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;&#8221; use_custom_width=&#8221;on&#8221; width_unit=&#8221;off&#8221; custom_width_percent=&#8221;100%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; background_color=&#8221;#F4583F&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_testimonial portrait_url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/xichil1.png&#8221; quote_icon=&#8221;off&#8221; portrait_width=&#8221;150px&#8221; portrait_height=&#8221;150px&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; body_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; body_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#0c71c3&#8243; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_stops=&#8221;#b3b3b3 0%|#ffffff 100%&#8221; background_color_gradient_start=&#8221;#b3b3b3&#8243; background_color_gradient_end=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;dark&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;left&#8221; min_height=&#8221;99px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;80px||80px|&#8221; border_radii_portrait=&#8221;on|100px|100px|100px|100px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\"><strong><strong>DRA. XOCHITL P\u00c9REZ MART\u00cdNEZ<\/strong><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\"><b class=\"fs12\" style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 12pt; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\u00a0<\/b><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">\n<p>Departamento de Gen\u00e9tica Molecular, Instituto de Fisiolog\u00eda Celular, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico<\/p>\n<p>Avenida Universidad 3000, Col. Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico C.U., Coyoac\u00e1n, CDMX, CP 04510. Tel: (+52)5556225662. <a href=\"mailto:julieta@astro.unam.mx\" style=\"color: #ff6600;\">xperez@ifc.unam.mx<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">ORCID: 0000-0002-3651-8413<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_testimonial][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-68px|auto||auto||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Georgia||||||||&#8221; min_height=&#8221;364px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;37px||35px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/xichil2-1024x564.png\" width=\"556\" height=\"306\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2046 alignnone size-large\" style=\"float: left;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><span class=\"fs12 ff1\" style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">Resumen<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<p>La citocromo c oxidasa es la enzima encargada de transformar el ox\u00edgeno que inhalamos en agua. Es una enzima compuesta por 13 subunidades y varios grupos prost\u00e9ticos. La citocromo c oxidasa se localiza en la membrana plasm\u00e1tica de bacterias y en la membrana interna de la mitocondria y forma parte de la fosforilaci\u00f3n oxidativa. En este proceso se produce la mayor parte de las mol\u00e9culas de adenos\u00edn trifosfato (ATP) que contienen la energ\u00eda que las c\u00e9lulas requieren para todas sus funciones. Si una parte de este proceso falla, entonces las c\u00e9lulas no podr\u00e1n producir las cantidades de ATP que requieren y se desarrollar\u00e1n patolog\u00edas. Por eso es tan importante estudiar a la mitocondria y a los complejos de la fosforilaci\u00f3n oxidativa, as\u00ed como a las enfermedades asociadas a las fallas en este proceso. En el presente trabajo hablaremos de la citocromo c oxidasa y de lo que entendemos a la fecha de c\u00f3mo se ensambla esta enzima en los eucariontes. Nuestro laboratorio estudia los mecanismos de biog\u00e9nesis de la subunidad m\u00e1s grande de esta enzima, la subunidad I (Cox1). Esta subunidad no s\u00f3lo contiene el sitio catal\u00edtico de reducci\u00f3n de ox\u00edgeno de la enzima, sino que es tambi\u00e9n un centro de nucleaci\u00f3n para incorporar el resto de las subunidades del complejo enzim\u00e1tico. Cox1 se codifica en el DNA mitocondrial, la prote\u00edna se sintetiza en los ribosomas localizados en la matriz mitocondrial y debe insertarse en la membrana interna mitocondrial, adquirir sus grupos prost\u00e9ticos y ensamblarse con el resto de subunidades, unas provenientes del citosol y otras tambi\u00e9n codificadas en el genoma mitocondrial. La s\u00edntesis y el ensamblaje de Cox1 son procesos acoplados, de tal forma que si algo falla en el ensamblaje de la citocromo c oxidasa, entonces la s\u00edntesis de Cox1 disminuye. En este trabajo discutiremos lo que sabemos sobre los mecanismos de esta intrincada regulaci\u00f3n s\u00edntesis\/ensamblaje de Cox1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_divider color=&#8221;#0400f0&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Section&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-162px|||||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px|&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row admin_label=&#8221;Title Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Title &#038; Paragraph&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;18px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.8em&#8221; header_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Muli|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;50px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; max_width=&#8221;640px&#8221; max_width_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;0px|||0px&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;40px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"fs18\" style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 18pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 31px; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">Mapeando prote\u00ednas estructurales en virus individuales mediante microscopia de mol\u00e9cula \u00fanica<\/span><\/strong><a href=\"\/\/10.22201\/fm.0188137xe.2019.43.01\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/pdf.png&#8221; url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/05-Dr.-Luis-Vaca_GALERAS-FINAL2.pdf&#8221; url_new_window=&#8221;on&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; width=&#8221;6%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;1&#8243; make_equal=&#8221;on&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; min_height=&#8221;171px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px|10%|0px|20%&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;|||10%&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;&#8221; use_custom_width=&#8221;on&#8221; width_unit=&#8221;off&#8221; custom_width_percent=&#8221;100%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; background_color=&#8221;#F4583F&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_testimonial portrait_url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/vaca1.png&#8221; quote_icon=&#8221;off&#8221; portrait_width=&#8221;150px&#8221; portrait_height=&#8221;150px&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; body_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; body_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#0c71c3&#8243; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_stops=&#8221;#b3b3b3 0%|#ffffff 100%&#8221; background_color_gradient_start=&#8221;#b3b3b3&#8243; background_color_gradient_end=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;dark&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;left&#8221; min_height=&#8221;99px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;80px||80px|&#8221; border_radii_portrait=&#8221;on|100px|100px|100px|100px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\"><strong><strong>DR. LUIS VACA<\/strong><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">\n<p>Departamento de Biolog\u00eda Celular y del Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiolog\u00eda Celular, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico<\/p>\n<p>Avenida Universidad 3000, Col. Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico C.U., Coyoac\u00e1n, CDMX, CP 04510. Tel: (+52)5556225654. <a href=\"mailto:julieta@astro.unam.mx\" style=\"color: #ff6600;\">lvaca@ifc.unam.mx<\/a><\/p>\n<p>ORCID: 0000-0003-2266-4847<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_testimonial][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-68px|auto||auto||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Georgia||||||||&#8221; min_height=&#8221;480px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||-66px|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;37px|||||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/vaca2-1024x377.png\" width=\"682\" height=\"251\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2049 alignnone size-large\" style=\"float: left;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div style=\"background: none 0% 0% \/ auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box transparent; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentcolor; text-align: left;\"><span class=\"fs12 ff1\" style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">Resumen<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<p>Los virus, debido a su tama\u00f1o nanosc\u00f3pico, pueden parecer entidades simples; sin embargo, algunos virus son estructuralmente muy complejos. Observarlos mediante microscop\u00eda \u00f3ptica ha sido un reto formidable debido a su tama\u00f1o, que es varias veces menor que la longitud de onda de la luz visible. Los avances recientes en microscop\u00eda de superresoluci\u00f3n nos han permitido explorar en detalle los aspectos estructurales de cada virus. En este sentido, este trabajo presenta ejemplos de los avances m\u00e1s recientes de nuestro grupo de investigaci\u00f3n en la identificaci\u00f3n de gradientes de prote\u00ednas estructurales en virus individuales mediante microscop\u00eda de localizaci\u00f3n de mol\u00e9culas individuales.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_divider color=&#8221;#0400f0&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Section&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-162px|||||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px|&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row admin_label=&#8221;Title Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Title &#038; Paragraph&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;18px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.8em&#8221; header_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Muli|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;50px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; max_width=&#8221;640px&#8221; max_width_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;0px|||0px&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;40px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"fs18\" style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 18pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 31px; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">Los compuestos bioactivos dietarios y la termog\u00e9nesis<\/span><\/strong><a href=\"\/\/10.22201\/fm.0188137xe.2019.43.01\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/pdf.png&#8221; url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/06.-Dr.-Armando-R.-Tovar-Palacio_GALERAS-FINAL2.pdf&#8221; url_new_window=&#8221;on&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; width=&#8221;6%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;1&#8243; make_equal=&#8221;on&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; min_height=&#8221;171px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px|10%|0px|20%&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;|||10%&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;&#8221; use_custom_width=&#8221;on&#8221; width_unit=&#8221;off&#8221; custom_width_percent=&#8221;100%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; background_color=&#8221;#F4583F&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_testimonial portrait_url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/tovar1.png&#8221; quote_icon=&#8221;off&#8221; portrait_width=&#8221;150px&#8221; portrait_height=&#8221;150px&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; body_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; body_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#0c71c3&#8243; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_stops=&#8221;#b3b3b3 0%|#ffffff 100%&#8221; background_color_gradient_start=&#8221;#b3b3b3&#8243; background_color_gradient_end=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;dark&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;left&#8221; min_height=&#8221;99px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;80px||80px|&#8221; border_radii_portrait=&#8221;on|100px|100px|100px|100px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\"><strong style=\"font-size: 100%;\">DR. ARMANDO R. TOVAR<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda de la Nutrici\u00f3n, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Nutrici\u00f3n, Salvador Zubir\u00e1n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">Calle Vasco de Quiroga # 15, Colonia Belisario Dom\u00ednguez, Delegaci\u00f3n Tlalpan, C.P. 14000 CDMX, M\u00e9xico. Tel: +52(55) 5487 0900, Ext. 2802; <a href=\"mailto:julieta@astro.unam.mx\" style=\"color: #ff6600;\">tovar.ar@gmail.com<\/a><\/div>\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">ORCID: 0000-0002-1292-1312<\/div>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_testimonial][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-68px|auto||auto||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Georgia||||||||&#8221; min_height=&#8221;480px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;37px|||||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/tovar2.png\" width=\"493\" height=\"336\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2052 alignnone size-full\" style=\"float: left;\" srcset=\"http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/tovar2.png 493w, http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/tovar2-480x327.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 493px, 100vw\" \/><\/p>\n<div style=\"background: none 0% 0% \/ auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box transparent; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentcolor; text-align: left;\"><span class=\"fs12 ff1\" style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">Resumen<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<p>La obesidad resulta de un desequilibrio energ\u00e9tico donde la ingesta supera el gasto cal\u00f3rico. Un factor importante en este proceso es el tejido adiposo pardo, el cual, gracias a su abundancia de mitocondrias y la prote\u00edna desacoplante UCP1, disipa energ\u00eda en forma de calor en lugar de almacenarla. Se ha descubierto que el tejido adiposo blanco puede transformarse en tejido adiposo beige, el cual es semejante al tejido adiposo pardo, mediante un proceso llamado browning, aumentando as\u00ed el gasto energ\u00e9tico. Inicialmente, se identific\u00f3 que la irisina, una miocina, estimula este proceso, previniendo el aumento de peso. M\u00e1s recientemente-, se ha hallado que ciertos compuestos bioactivos, como la geniste\u00edna de la soya, tambi\u00e9n promueven el browning. Este compuesto incrementa la expresi\u00f3n de UCP1, eleva la actividad mitocondrial y mejora la tolerancia a la glucosa, reduciendo la ganancia de peso.Adem\u00e1s, hay evidencia de que la microbiota intestinal podr\u00eda potenciar el efecto termog\u00e9nico de la geniste\u00edna. Estos hallazgos sugieren que ciertos compuestos dietarios podr\u00edan ser herramientas \u00fatiles en el tratamiento de la obesidad y sus consecuencias metab\u00f3licas.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_divider color=&#8221;#0400f0&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Section&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-162px|||||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px|&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row admin_label=&#8221;Title Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Title &#038; Paragraph&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;18px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.8em&#8221; header_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Muli|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;50px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; max_width=&#8221;640px&#8221; max_width_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;0px|||0px&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;40px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"fs18\" style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 18pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 31px; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">El Rol de la Metabol\u00f3mica en la Salud P\u00fablica: Nuevas Herramientas para la Medicina de Precisi\u00f3n<\/span><\/strong><a href=\"\/\/10.22201\/fm.0188137xe.2019.43.01\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/pdf.png&#8221; url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/07-Dra.-Yamile-Lopez-Hernandez_GALERAS_FINAL1.pdf&#8221; url_new_window=&#8221;on&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; width=&#8221;6%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;1&#8243; make_equal=&#8221;on&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; min_height=&#8221;171px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px|10%|0px|20%&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;|||10%&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;&#8221; use_custom_width=&#8221;on&#8221; width_unit=&#8221;off&#8221; custom_width_percent=&#8221;100%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; background_color=&#8221;#F4583F&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_testimonial portrait_url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/yami1.png&#8221; quote_icon=&#8221;off&#8221; portrait_width=&#8221;150px&#8221; portrait_height=&#8221;150px&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; body_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; body_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#0c71c3&#8243; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_stops=&#8221;#b3b3b3 0%|#ffffff 100%&#8221; background_color_gradient_start=&#8221;#b3b3b3&#8243; background_color_gradient_end=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;dark&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;left&#8221; min_height=&#8221;99px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;80px||80px|&#8221; border_radii_portrait=&#8221;on|100px|100px|100px|100px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\"><strong><strong>DRA. YAMIL\u00c9 L\u00d3PEZ HERN\u00c1NDEZ<\/strong><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">SECIHTI-Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Zacatecas, Av. Preparatoria, Colonia Hidr\u00e1ulica, CP 98068 Zacatecas, Zac., M\u00e9xico<\/div>\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">The Metabolomics Innovation Center, Biological Sciences Bldg. University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E9<\/div>\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">The Metabolomics Innovation Center, Biological Sciences Bldg. University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canad\u00e1 T6G 2E9. Tel\u00e9fono: +(1) 492-122-1510. <a href=\"mailto:julieta@astro.unam.mx\" style=\"color: #ff6600;\">ylopezher@conacyt.mx<\/a> <a href=\"mailto:julieta@astro.unam.mx\" style=\"color: #ff6600;\">yamilelopez@gmail.com<\/a><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">ORCID: 0000-0002-1068-603X<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_testimonial][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-68px|auto||auto||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Georgia||||||||&#8221; min_height=&#8221;480px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;37px|||||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"fs12 ff1\" style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/yami2.png\" width=\"416\" height=\"282\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2056 alignnone size-full\" style=\"float: left;\" \/>Resumen<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<p>La metabol\u00f3mica ha surgido como una herramienta poderosa en salud p\u00fablica, ofreciendo nuevas perspectivas sobre los mecanismos de enfermedades, el descubrimiento de biomarcadores y la medicina de precisi\u00f3n. A trav\u00e9s de la metabol\u00f3mica, es posible rastrear cambios moleculares a lo largo del tiempo relacionados con condiciones proinflamatorias que, en \u00faltima instancia, conducen al desarrollo de enfermedades. Mi equipo de trabajo ha involucrado en investigaci\u00f3n en el campo de metabol\u00f3mica durante ocho a\u00f1os, contribuyendo significativamente a la comprensi\u00f3n de los cambios metab\u00f3licos en condiciones como la diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG), trastornos de salud neonatal, sepsis y enfermedades metab\u00f3licas cr\u00f3nicas. Mediante la integraci\u00f3n de enfoques avanzados de espectrometr\u00eda de masas y bioinform\u00e1tica, nuestros estudios contribuyen a detecci\u00f3n temprana de enfermedades, la evaluaci\u00f3n de riesgos y las estrategias de intervenci\u00f3n, lo que en \u00faltima instancia mejora los resultados en salud y reduce las cargas econ\u00f3micas. El presente trabajo describe las contribuciones de estos estudios, destacando su impacto en la pr\u00e1ctica cl\u00ednica, la epidemiolog\u00eda y las pol\u00edticas de salud p\u00fablica.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_divider color=&#8221;#0400f0&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Section&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-162px|||||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px|&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row admin_label=&#8221;Title Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Title &#038; Paragraph&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;18px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.8em&#8221; header_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Muli|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;50px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; max_width=&#8221;640px&#8221; max_width_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;0px|||0px&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;40px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"fs18\" style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 18pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 31px; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">De la desnutrici\u00f3n a la obesidad: explorando el papel de la microbiota intestinal a trav\u00e9s del trasplante de microbiota fecal<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/pdf.png&#8221; url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/08-Dra.-Fernanda-Valdez-Palomares_GALERAS_FINAL2.pdf&#8221; url_new_window=&#8221;on&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; width=&#8221;6%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;1&#8243; make_equal=&#8221;on&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; min_height=&#8221;171px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px|10%|0px|20%&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;|||10%&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;&#8221; use_custom_width=&#8221;on&#8221; width_unit=&#8221;off&#8221; custom_width_percent=&#8221;100%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; background_color=&#8221;#F4583F&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_testimonial portrait_url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/palomares.png&#8221; quote_icon=&#8221;off&#8221; portrait_width=&#8221;150px&#8221; portrait_height=&#8221;150px&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; body_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; body_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#0c71c3&#8243; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_stops=&#8221;#b3b3b3 0%|#ffffff 100%&#8221; background_color_gradient_start=&#8221;#b3b3b3&#8243; background_color_gradient_end=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;dark&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;left&#8221; min_height=&#8221;99px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;80px||80px|&#8221; border_radii_portrait=&#8221;on|100px|100px|100px|100px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\"><strong><strong><strong>DRA. JESSICA FERNANDA VALDEZ PALOMARES<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><b class=\"fs12\" style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 12pt; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\u00a0<\/b><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">\n<p>Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico. Posgrado en Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas. Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Nutrici\u00f3n Salvador Zubir\u00e1n. Laboratorio de Fisiolog\u00eda de la Nutrici\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<p>Instituto Nacional de Medicina Gen\u00f3mica. Laboratorio de Gen\u00f3mica del envejecimiento del INMEGEN en el Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n del Envejecimiento (CIE).<\/p>\n<p>Calz. de los Tenorios 235, Coapa, Granjas Coapa, Tlalpan, 14330 Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, CDMX. <a href=\"mailto:julieta@astro.unam.mx\" style=\"color: #ff6600;\">palomares.fernanda@quimica.unam.mx<\/a><\/p>\n<p>ORCID: 0000-0002-9238-1191<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_testimonial][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-68px|auto||auto||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Georgia||||||||&#8221; min_height=&#8221;480px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;37px|||||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"fs12 ff1\" style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/palomares2-1024x351.png\" width=\"706\" height=\"242\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2058 alignnone size-large\" style=\"float: left;\" \/>Resumen<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Introducci\u00f3n: La microbiota intestinal desempe\u00f1a un papel crucial en el mantenimiento de la salud durante el crecimiento y el desarrollo en la infancia. La desnutrici\u00f3n cr\u00f3nica pedi\u00e1trica, caracterizada por retraso en el crecimiento, se ha relacionado con un mayor riesgo de sobrepeso, obesidad y enfermedades cr\u00f3nicas en la edad adulta. La microbiota intestinal podr\u00eda mediar esta asociaci\u00f3n<br \/>Objetivos: Este trabajo tuvo como objetivos: 1) destacar la diversidad de protocolos para generar modelos de Trasplante de Microbiota Fecal en ratones, centr\u00e1ndose en el enfoque de limpieza intestinal con polietilenglicol; 2) demostrar la utilidad de los ensayos de PCR de viabilidad para evaluar la composici\u00f3n taxon\u00f3mica y la viabilidad bacteriana en in\u00f3culos fecales; y 3) validar la efectividad de un modelo de microbiota humanizada basado en limpieza intestinal, utilizando muestras fecales de ni\u00f1os escolarizados cl\u00ednicamente sanos y con desnutrici\u00f3n cr\u00f3nica.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">M\u00e9todos: Se utiliz\u00f3 un in\u00f3culo fecal de ni\u00f1os con desnutrici\u00f3n cr\u00f3nica (I-DN), evaluando su viabilidad mediante densitometr\u00eda y PMA-seq. Se compararon ratones que recibieron microbiota de donantes con desnutrici\u00f3n (D-HFFr) y donantes sanos (C-HFFr), exponi\u00e9ndolos a una dieta alta en grasa y fructosa.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Resultados: La viabilidad del in\u00f3culo fue del 67.62% por densitometr\u00eda y del 69.6% por PMA-seq. Los ratones D-HFFr mostraron mayor susceptibilidad a la obesidad y una mayor \u00e1rea bajo la curva en la prueba de tolerancia oral a la glucosa en comparaci\u00f3n con los C-HFFr.<br \/>Conclusi\u00f3n: Estos hallazgos subrayan el papel de la microbiota del donante en la modulaci\u00f3n del fenotipo metab\u00f3lico y resaltan la utilidad del modelos de Trasplante de Microbiota Fecal para estudiar relaciones causales entre la microbiota intestinal y la salud. La viabilidad obtenida en los in\u00f3culos fue suficiente para generar efectos dependientes de la microbiota fecal en los ratones receptores.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_divider color=&#8221;#0400f0&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Section&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-162px|||||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px|&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row admin_label=&#8221;Title Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Title &#038; Paragraph&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;18px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.8em&#8221; header_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Muli|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;50px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; max_width=&#8221;640px&#8221; max_width_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;0px|||0px&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;40px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"fs18\" style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 18pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 31px; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">Microbiota intestinal y patrones de alimentaci\u00f3n<\/span><\/strong><a href=\"\/\/10.22201\/fm.0188137xe.2019.43.01\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/pdf.png&#8221; url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/09-Dra.-Berenice-Palacios-Gonzalez_GALERAS_FINAL2.pdf&#8221; url_new_window=&#8221;on&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; width=&#8221;6%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;1&#8243; make_equal=&#8221;on&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; min_height=&#8221;171px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px|10%|0px|20%&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;|||10%&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;&#8221; use_custom_width=&#8221;on&#8221; width_unit=&#8221;off&#8221; custom_width_percent=&#8221;100%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; background_color=&#8221;#F4583F&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_testimonial portrait_url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/berenice.png&#8221; quote_icon=&#8221;off&#8221; portrait_width=&#8221;150px&#8221; portrait_height=&#8221;150px&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; body_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; body_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#0c71c3&#8243; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_stops=&#8221;#b3b3b3 0%|#ffffff 100%&#8221; background_color_gradient_start=&#8221;#b3b3b3&#8243; background_color_gradient_end=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;dark&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;left&#8221; min_height=&#8221;99px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;80px||80px|&#8221; border_radii_portrait=&#8221;on|100px|100px|100px|100px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\"><strong><strong><strong>DRA. BERENICE PALACIOS GONZ\u00c1LEZ<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">\n<p>Instituto Nacional de Medicina Gen\u00f3mica (INMEGEN)<\/p>\n<p>Perif\u00e9rico Sur 4809, Arenal Tepepan, Tlalpan, 14610 Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, CDMX. Tel: (+52) 5553501900 ext 1173. <a href=\"mailto:julieta@astro.unam.mx\" style=\"color: #ff6600;\">bpalacios@inmegen.gob.mx<\/a><\/p>\n<p>ORCID: 0000-0002-7848-1532<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_testimonial][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-68px|auto||auto||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Georgia||||||||&#8221; min_height=&#8221;344px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;37px||0px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"fs12 ff1\" style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/berenice2-1024x489.png\" width=\"678\" height=\"324\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2062 alignnone size-large\" style=\"float: left;\" \/>Resumen<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">El aumento mundial de la obesidad y las enfermedades asociadas son un importante problema de salud p\u00fablica. La evidencia disponible ha demostrado que las alteraciones de la microbiota intestinal podr\u00edan estar implicadas en la patog\u00e9nesis de la obesidad y los trastornos asociados. Uno de los factores que mayormente impactan en la conformaci\u00f3n, diversidad, riqueza de especies y funcionalidad de la microbiota intestinal es la dieta y, a la inversa, la microbiota intestinal afecta la forma en que el hu\u00e9sped responde a \u00e9sta. Espec\u00edficamente, la contribuci\u00f3n de la dieta para modular la microbiota intestinal es crucial para orquestar la comunicaci\u00f3n entre el hospedero y el hu\u00e9sped. Tradicionalmente, las asociaciones entre la dieta y la salud se hab\u00edan centrado principalmente en un \u00fanico nutrimento o alimento. Se sabe que los alimentos y sus nutrimentos tienen efectos sin\u00e9rgicos, lo que complica la detecci\u00f3n del efecto de un s\u00f3lo alimento o nutrimento. Desde principios de la d\u00e9cada del 2000, el enfoque para cuantificar las exposiciones alimentarias ha pasado de los nutrimentos o alimentos individuales al estudio de los patrones de alimentaci\u00f3n para representar de forma m\u00e1s completa la totalidad y complejidad de la dieta. La identificaci\u00f3n de un patr\u00f3n de alimentaci\u00f3n puede revelar una asociaci\u00f3n m\u00e1s fuerte con un indicador particular de salud. Un patr\u00f3n de alimentaci\u00f3n poco saludable, con alto contenido en grasas, alimentos ultraprocesados, bajo consumo de frutas, verduras, leguminosas y cereales integrales, puede provocar disminuci\u00f3n de la diversidad microbiana, reducci\u00f3n de la s\u00edntesis de metabolitos que mantienen la permeabilidad intestinal y la mucosa intestinal ocasionando aumento de la translocaci\u00f3n bacteriana y de los lipopolisac\u00e1ridos lo que puede desencadenar endotoxemia, inflamaci\u00f3n subcl\u00ednica cr\u00f3nica y trastornos metab\u00f3licos.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_divider color=&#8221;#0400f0&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Section&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-162px|||||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px|&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row admin_label=&#8221;Title Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Title &#038; Paragraph&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;18px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.8em&#8221; header_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Muli|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;50px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; max_width=&#8221;640px&#8221; max_width_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;0px|||0px&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;40px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"fs18\" style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 18pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 31px; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">Immunometabolismo: nuevos blancos para modular la respuesta inmune<\/span><\/strong><strong><span class=\"fs18\" style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 18pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 31px; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\"><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/pdf.png&#8221; url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/010-Dr.-Daniel-Scott-Algara_GALERAS1.pdf&#8221; url_new_window=&#8221;on&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; width=&#8221;6%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;1&#8243; make_equal=&#8221;on&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; min_height=&#8221;171px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px|10%|0px|20%&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;|||10%&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;&#8221; use_custom_width=&#8221;on&#8221; width_unit=&#8221;off&#8221; custom_width_percent=&#8221;100%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; background_color=&#8221;#F4583F&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_testimonial portrait_url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/daniel.png&#8221; quote_icon=&#8221;off&#8221; portrait_width=&#8221;150px&#8221; portrait_height=&#8221;150px&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; body_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; body_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#0c71c3&#8243; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_stops=&#8221;#b3b3b3 0%|#ffffff 100%&#8221; background_color_gradient_start=&#8221;#b3b3b3&#8243; background_color_gradient_end=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;dark&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;left&#8221; min_height=&#8221;99px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;80px||80px|&#8221; border_radii_portrait=&#8221;on|100px|100px|100px|100px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\"><strong><strong><strong>DR. DANIEL SCOTT-ALGARA<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">\n<p>International Affairs Departement, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France<\/p>\n<p>Institut Pasteur, International Affairs Departement,75015 Paris, France. <a href=\"mailto:julieta@astro.unam.mx\" style=\"color: #ff6600;\">daniel.scott-algara@pasteur.fr<\/a><\/p>\n<p>ORCID: 0000-0003-2266-4847<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_testimonial][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-68px|auto||auto||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Georgia||||||||&#8221; min_height=&#8221;480px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||-176px|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;37px||0px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"fs12 ff1\" style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">Resumen<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Aunque el metabolismo y la inmunidad se han clasificado como campos de investigaci\u00f3n distintos durante mucho tiempo, estudios recientes han demostrado que el concepto de inmunometabolismo tiene una estrecha relaci\u00f3n con las c\u00e9lulas inmunitarias. El inmunometabolismo se define como el estudio de la relaci\u00f3n entre el perfil metab\u00f3lico de las c\u00e9lulas inmunitarias y su funci\u00f3n, y viceversa. La alteraci\u00f3n del metabolismo de las c\u00e9lulas inmunitarias en respuesta a la activaci\u00f3n es muy importante para su funci\u00f3n. En un contexto infeccioso, las c\u00e9lulas inmunitarias experimentan una reprogramaci\u00f3n metab\u00f3lica. Por ejemplo, el ciclo del \u00e1cido tricarbox\u00edlico (TCA) est\u00e1 muy regulado en las c\u00e9lulas inmunitarias activadas. Por el contrario, el metabolismo de los \u00e1cidos grasos aumenta en las c\u00e9lulas reguladoras, como las c\u00e9lulas T reguladoras. En el contexto de los tumores, el inmunometabolismo de las c\u00e9lulas inmunitarias presentes en el microentorno tumoral desempe\u00f1a un papel importante en la regulaci\u00f3n del crecimiento de las c\u00e9lulas cancerosas. El objetivo del inmunometabolismo es comprender si estas v\u00edas pueden acelerarse o desacelerarse para modular la funci\u00f3n de las c\u00e9lulas implicadas en las respuestas inmunitarias.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_divider color=&#8221;#0400f0&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Section&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; min_height=&#8221;1356.4px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;-162px|||||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px|&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row admin_label=&#8221;Title Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Title &#038; Paragraph&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;18px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.8em&#8221; header_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Muli|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;50px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; max_width=&#8221;640px&#8221; max_width_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;0px|||0px&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;40px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"fs18\" style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 18pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 31px; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">La l\u00f3gica del hambre<\/span><\/strong><a href=\"\/\/10.22201\/fm.0188137xe.2019.43.01\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/pdf.png&#8221; url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/011-Dr.-Ranier-Gutierrez-Mendoza_GALERAS_FINAL1.pdf&#8221; url_new_window=&#8221;on&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; width=&#8221;6%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;1&#8243; make_equal=&#8221;on&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; min_height=&#8221;171px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px|10%|0px|20%&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;|||10%&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;&#8221; use_custom_width=&#8221;on&#8221; width_unit=&#8221;off&#8221; custom_width_percent=&#8221;100%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; background_color=&#8221;#F4583F&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_testimonial portrait_url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/ranier.png&#8221; quote_icon=&#8221;off&#8221; portrait_width=&#8221;150px&#8221; portrait_height=&#8221;150px&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; body_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; body_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#0c71c3&#8243; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_stops=&#8221;#b3b3b3 0%|#ffffff 100%&#8221; background_color_gradient_start=&#8221;#b3b3b3&#8243; background_color_gradient_end=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;dark&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;left&#8221; min_height=&#8221;99px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;80px||80px|&#8221; border_radii_portrait=&#8221;on|100px|100px|100px|100px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\"><strong><strong>DR. RANIER GUTI\u00c9RREZ<\/strong><\/strong><b class=\"fs12\" style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 12pt; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\u00a0<\/b><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">\n<p>Laboratorio de Neurobiolog\u00eda del Apetito, Departamento de Farmacolog\u00eda\/Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n sobre el Envejecimiento (CIE), Cinvestav.<\/p>\n<p>Calzada de los Tenorios 235, Col. Granjas Coapa, Alcald\u00eda Tlalpan, Cd. de M\u00e9xico, C.P. 14330, M\u00e9xico. Tel: +52 (55) 8950 5800, Ext. 1009; <a href=\"mailto:julieta@astro.unam.mx\" style=\"color: #ff6600;\">ranier@cinvestav.mx<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">ORCID: 0000-0002-9688-0289<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_testimonial][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-68px|auto||auto||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||0px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Georgia||||||||&#8221; min_height=&#8221;480px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;37px||0px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"fs12 ff1\" style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">Resumen<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<p>Este art\u00edculo describe los mecanismos neuronales que controlan el impulso de comer, resaltando la interacci\u00f3n entre la percepci\u00f3n sensorial (gusto y quemestesis) y las se\u00f1ales fisiol\u00f3gicas internas de hambre y saciedad. Explora c\u00f3mo los omn\u00edvoros aprenden a identificar alimentos seguros y nutritivos a trav\u00e9s del eje lengua-intestino-cerebro, resolviendo la paradoja del omn\u00edvoro. Se explica que la percepci\u00f3n del sabor dulce es enga\u00f1osa respecto al valor nutricional, mientras que la absorci\u00f3n intestinal de nutrientes informa directamente al cerebro sobre la ingesta cal\u00f3rica, independientemente del gusto. Las neuronas AgRP, tambi\u00e9n conocidas como las &#8220;neuronas del hambre&#8221;, promueven la b\u00fasqueda de alimento al integrar se\u00f1ales exteroceptivas (visi\u00f3n, olor y sabor) e interoceptivas (absorci\u00f3n de nutrientes y el estado de hambre) para predecir y actualizar el contenido cal\u00f3rico del mismo, delineando una l\u00f3gica del hambre en la cual comemos para silenciar su actividad, ya que esta resulta molesta. La v\u00eda hed\u00f3nica en el hipot\u00e1lamo lateral modula la alimentaci\u00f3n por placer y aversi\u00f3n. Finalmente, se discute c\u00f3mo la obesidad altera estos sistemas, afectando la respuesta de hambre y saciedad, y deteriorando la capacidad para aprender el valor nutricional de los alimentos, lo que podr\u00eda fomentar el consumo excesivo. Por todo esto, se aboga por confiar en las se\u00f1ales internas de hambre y saciedad en lugar de solo poner atenci\u00f3n al sabor dulce, especialmente en el entorno alimentario actual con opciones hiperpalatables, pero poco nutritivas.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; min_height=&#8221;75.8px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_divider color=&#8221;#0400f0&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Section&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-162px|||||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px|&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row admin_label=&#8221;Title Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-66px|auto||auto||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Title &#038; Paragraph&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;18px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.8em&#8221; header_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Muli|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;50px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; max_width=&#8221;640px&#8221; max_width_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;0px|||0px&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;40px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"fs18\" style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 18pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 31px; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">Canales i\u00f3nicos de comunicaci\u00f3n del espermatozoide<\/span><\/strong><a href=\"\/\/10.22201\/fm.0188137xe.2019.43.01\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/pdf.png&#8221; url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/12-Dr.-Alberto-Darszon_GALERAS_FINAL3.pdf&#8221; url_new_window=&#8221;on&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; width=&#8221;6%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;1&#8243; make_equal=&#8221;on&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; min_height=&#8221;171px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px|10%|0px|20%&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;|||10%&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;&#8221; use_custom_width=&#8221;on&#8221; width_unit=&#8221;off&#8221; custom_width_percent=&#8221;100%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; background_color=&#8221;#F4583F&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_testimonial portrait_url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/alberto.png&#8221; quote_icon=&#8221;off&#8221; portrait_width=&#8221;150px&#8221; portrait_height=&#8221;150px&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; body_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; body_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#0c71c3&#8243; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_stops=&#8221;#b3b3b3 0%|#ffffff 100%&#8221; background_color_gradient_start=&#8221;#b3b3b3&#8243; background_color_gradient_end=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;dark&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;left&#8221; min_height=&#8221;99px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;80px||80px|&#8221; border_radii_portrait=&#8221;on|100px|100px|100px|100px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\"><strong><strong>DR. ALBERTO DARSZON ISRAEL<\/strong><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">\n<p>Departamento de Gen\u00e9tica del Desarrollo y Fisiolog\u00eda Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnolog\u00eda, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Cuernavaca, MO 62210, M\u00e9xico.<\/p>\n<p>Av. Universidad 2001, Chamilpa, 62210 Cuernavaca, Mor. Tel: (+52) 777 32 91 650. <a href=\"mailto:julieta@astro.unam.mx\" style=\"color: #ff6600;\">alberto.darszon@ibt.unan.mx<\/a><\/p>\n<p>ORCID: 0000-0002-2502-0505<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_testimonial][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-68px|auto||auto||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Georgia||||||||&#8221; min_height=&#8221;403px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||-172px|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;37px||0px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"fs12 ff1\" style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/alberto2.png\" width=\"560\" height=\"330\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2072 alignnone size-full\" style=\"float: left;\" srcset=\"http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/alberto2.png 560w, http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/alberto2-480x283.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 560px, 100vw\" \/>Resumen<\/b><\/b><\/b><\/b><\/b><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Los transportadores de iones en la membrana plasm\u00e1tica y en los organelos intracelulares controlan la homeostasis i\u00f3nica de la c\u00e9lula que es esencial para la mayor\u00eda de las funciones celulares. Durante la fecundaci\u00f3n, el espermatozoide sufre cambios fisiol\u00f3gicos, bioqu\u00edmicos y moleculares, que le permiten alcanzar y fecundar al \u00f3vulo. Los flujos i\u00f3nicos, por ejemplo, de Ca2+, K+, H+, Na+, Cl- y HCO3-, regulan muchos de estos cambios. Por consiguiente, alteraciones gen\u00e9ticas que conduzcan a la deficiencia o mal funcionamiento de los trasportadores de iones, impide al espermatozoide fecundar al \u00f3vulo, comprometiendo la fertilidad masculina. Nuestro laboratorio ha estudiado como estos flujos i\u00f3nicos le permiten al espermatozoide adquirir la capacidad de fecundar al \u00f3vulo. En este cap\u00edtulo intentamos resaltar aquellas entidades que participan en tres de los cambios m\u00e1s importantes que lleva a cabo el espermatozoide de humano y de rat\u00f3n durante su viaje en el tracto reproductor femenino. Estos son el batido flagelar, la capacitaci\u00f3n y la reacci\u00f3n acrosomal. Todav\u00eda hay mucho por investigar para comprender la fecundaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_divider color=&#8221;#0400f0&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Section&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-162px|||||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px|&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row admin_label=&#8221;Title Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-66px|auto||auto||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Title &#038; Paragraph&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;18px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.8em&#8221; header_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Muli|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;50px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; max_width=&#8221;640px&#8221; max_width_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;0px|||0px&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;40px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"fs18\" style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 18pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 31px; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">El sistema circadiano como mediador de las adicciones<\/span><\/strong><a href=\"\/\/10.22201\/fm.0188137xe.2019.43.01\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/pdf.png&#8221; url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/013-Dra.-Carolina-Escobar-Briones_GALERAS_FINAL1.pdf&#8221; url_new_window=&#8221;on&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; width=&#8221;6%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;1&#8243; make_equal=&#8221;on&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; min_height=&#8221;171px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px|10%|0px|20%&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;|||10%&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;&#8221; use_custom_width=&#8221;on&#8221; width_unit=&#8221;off&#8221; custom_width_percent=&#8221;100%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; background_color=&#8221;#F4583F&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_testimonial portrait_url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/carolina.png&#8221; quote_icon=&#8221;off&#8221; portrait_width=&#8221;150px&#8221; portrait_height=&#8221;150px&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; body_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; body_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#0c71c3&#8243; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_stops=&#8221;#b3b3b3 0%|#ffffff 100%&#8221; background_color_gradient_start=&#8221;#b3b3b3&#8243; background_color_gradient_end=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;dark&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;left&#8221; min_height=&#8221;99px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;80px||80px|&#8221; border_radii_portrait=&#8221;on|100px|100px|100px|100px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\"><strong><strong>DRA. CAROLINA ESCOBAR BRIONES<\/strong><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">\n<p>Laboratorio de Ritmos Biol\u00f3gicos y Metabolismo, Departamento de Anatom\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM.<\/p>\n<p>Circuito Escolar 411A, Col. Copilco Universidad, Alcald\u00eda Coyoac\u00e1n, Cd. de M\u00e9xico, C.P. 04360, M\u00e9xico. Tel: +52 (55) 5623 2423; <a href=\"mailto:julieta@astro.unam.mx\" style=\"color: #ff6600;\">escocarolina@gmail.com<\/a><\/p>\n<p>ORCID: 0000-0002-2974-7875<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_testimonial][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-68px|auto||auto||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Georgia||||||||&#8221; min_height=&#8221;403px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||-172px|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;37px||0px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"fs12 ff1\" style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/carolina2.png\" width=\"273\" height=\"305\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2076 alignnone size-full\" style=\"float: left;\" \/>Resumen<\/b><\/b><\/b><\/b><\/b><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">El sistema dopamin\u00e9rgico est\u00e1 regulado por el sistema circadiano, por lo que las respuestas de reforzamiento y hed\u00f3nicas muestran un patr\u00f3n circadiano con respuestas m\u00e1s intensas asociadas a la noche en roedores nocturnos. El agua azucarada y una bebida de alcohol diluido al 10% administrados diariamente crean en roedores conductas tipo adictivas, espec\u00edficamente el escalamiento que se observa como un aumento progresivo en el monto ingerido. Tambi\u00e9n se desarrollan conductas tipo atrac\u00f3n y activaci\u00f3n conductual en anticipaci\u00f3n al momento estimado de acceso. El presente estudio tiene como finalidad determinar si estas 3 conductas muestran una modulaci\u00f3n circadiana e hipotetizamos que en roedores nocturnos estas conductas se manifestar\u00edan con mayor intensidad por la noche. Durante 3 semanas, ratas Wistar machos adultas se expusieron a acceso limitado de 3 horas a: una botella adicional con agua, agua azucarada al 10 % o alcohol al 10 %. Se monitorearon el escalamiento, el desarrollo de conducta de anticipaci\u00f3n y de atrac\u00f3n. Observamos que efectivamente las 3 conductas se manifiestan con mayor intensidad por la noche que en el d\u00eda y que estas fueron a su vez de mayor intensidad al az\u00facar vs. el alcohol. Sin embargo, cuando se calcul\u00f3 la proporci\u00f3n de cambio para cada fase del d\u00eda, el porcentaje de cambio fue mayor durante el d\u00eda que representa la fase de descanso de los roedores. Estos hallazgos aportan evidencia de la contribuci\u00f3n del sistema circadiano para el desarrollo de las conductas tipo adicci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_divider color=&#8221;#0400f0&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Section&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-162px|||||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px|&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row admin_label=&#8221;Title Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-66px|auto||auto||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Title &#038; Paragraph&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;18px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.8em&#8221; header_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Muli|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;50px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; max_width=&#8221;640px&#8221; max_width_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;0px|||0px&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;40px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"fs18\" style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 18pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 31px; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">Regulaci\u00f3n de la homeostasis \u00e1cido-base por el ri\u00f1\u00f3n y su impacto en la salud y la enfermedad<\/span><\/strong><a href=\"\/\/10.22201\/fm.0188137xe.2019.43.01\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/pdf.png&#8221; url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/14.-Dra-Laura-Escobar-Perez_GALERAS-FINAL2.pdf&#8221; url_new_window=&#8221;on&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; width=&#8221;6%&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;1&#8243; make_equal=&#8221;on&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; min_height=&#8221;171px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px|10%|0px|20%&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;|||10%&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;&#8221; use_custom_width=&#8221;on&#8221; width_unit=&#8221;off&#8221; custom_width_percent=&#8221;100%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; background_color=&#8221;#F4583F&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_testimonial portrait_url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/laura.png&#8221; quote_icon=&#8221;off&#8221; portrait_width=&#8221;150px&#8221; portrait_height=&#8221;150px&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; body_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; body_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#0c71c3&#8243; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_stops=&#8221;#b3b3b3 0%|#ffffff 100%&#8221; background_color_gradient_start=&#8221;#b3b3b3&#8243; background_color_gradient_end=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;dark&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;left&#8221; min_height=&#8221;99px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;80px||80px|&#8221; border_radii_portrait=&#8221;on|100px|100px|100px|100px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\"><strong><strong>DRA. LAURA ESCOBAR P\u00c9REZ<\/strong><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">\n<p>Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico.<\/p>\n<p>Avenida Universidad 3000, Col. Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico C.U., Coyoac\u00e1n, CDMX, CP 04510. Tel: (+52)55 5623 2366. <a href=\"mailto:julieta@astro.unam.mx\" style=\"color: #ff6600;\">laurae@unam.mx<\/a><\/p>\n<p>ORCID: 0000-0002-5142-8993<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_testimonial][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-68px|auto||auto||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Georgia||||||||&#8221; min_height=&#8221;403px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||-172px|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;37px||0px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"fs12 ff1\" style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/laura2-1024x686.png\" width=\"497\" height=\"333\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2078 alignnone size-large\" style=\"float: left;\" \/>Resumen<\/b><\/b><\/b><\/b><\/b><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">El ri\u00f1\u00f3n lleva a cabo varias funciones homeost\u00e1ticas: elimina sustancias t\u00f3xicas y productos de desecho del metabolismo, regula el volumen de agua y la composici\u00f3n salina de los l\u00edquidos corporales, participa en el metabolismo \u00f3seo mineral y en el balance \u00e1cido-base (A-B). En este trabajo se describe c\u00f3mo el ri\u00f1\u00f3n elimina los \u00e1cidos no vol\u00e1tiles y el amonio provenientes del catabolismo de las prote\u00ednas, as\u00ed como los mecanismos de transporte que participan en las nefronas. Al respecto, destacan los canales cati\u00f3nicos activados por hiperpolarizaci\u00f3n y nucle\u00f3tidos c\u00edclicos (HCN) que nuestro grupo de investigaci\u00f3n ha identificado como nuevos actores moleculares en la homeostasis \u00e1cido-base regulada por el ri\u00f1\u00f3n. Tambi\u00e9n se discute la fisiopatolog\u00eda de la Acidosis Tubular Renal (ATR), as\u00ed como los casos que hemos documentado en M\u00e9xico.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_divider color=&#8221;#0400f0&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Section&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-162px|||||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px|&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row admin_label=&#8221;Title Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-66px|auto||auto||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Title &#038; Paragraph&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;18px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.8em&#8221; header_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Muli|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;50px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; max_width=&#8221;640px&#8221; max_width_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;0px|||0px&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;40px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"fs18\" style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 18pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 31px; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">Apoyo, promoci\u00f3n y protecci\u00f3n de la lactancia materna, experiencia en el Instituto de Salud P\u00fablica de la Universidad Veracruzana<\/span><\/strong><a href=\"\/\/10.22201\/fm.0188137xe.2019.43.01\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/pdf.png&#8221; url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/015-Dra.-Clara-Luz-Sampieri-Ramirez_GALERAS-FINAL1.pdf&#8221; url_new_window=&#8221;on&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; width=&#8221;6%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;1&#8243; make_equal=&#8221;on&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; min_height=&#8221;171px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px|10%|0px|20%&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;|||10%&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;&#8221; use_custom_width=&#8221;on&#8221; width_unit=&#8221;off&#8221; custom_width_percent=&#8221;100%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; background_color=&#8221;#F4583F&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_testimonial portrait_url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/clara.png&#8221; quote_icon=&#8221;off&#8221; portrait_width=&#8221;150px&#8221; portrait_height=&#8221;150px&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; body_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; body_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#0c71c3&#8243; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_stops=&#8221;#b3b3b3 0%|#ffffff 100%&#8221; background_color_gradient_start=&#8221;#b3b3b3&#8243; background_color_gradient_end=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;dark&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;left&#8221; min_height=&#8221;99px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;80px||80px|&#8221; border_radii_portrait=&#8221;on|100px|100px|100px|100px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\"><strong><strong>DRA. CLARA LUZ SAMPIERI RAMIREZ<\/strong><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">\n<p>Instituto de Salud P\u00fablica, Universidad Veracruzana.<\/p>\n<p>Av. Dr Luis, Dr. Castelazo Ayala s\/n, Col. Industrial \u00c1nimas, 91193 Xalapa-Enr\u00edquez, Veracruz. Tel: (228)841-8900 Ext.13327; <a href=\"mailto:julieta@astro.unam.mx\" style=\"color: #ff6600;\">csampieri@uv.mx<\/a><\/p>\n<p>ORCID: 0000-0001-7495-426X<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_testimonial][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-68px|auto||auto||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Georgia||||||||&#8221; min_height=&#8221;403px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||-172px|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;37px||0px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"fs12 ff1\" style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/clara2.png\" width=\"522\" height=\"322\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2080 alignnone size-full\" style=\"float: left;\" srcset=\"http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/clara2.png 522w, http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/clara2-480x296.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 522px, 100vw\" \/>Resumen<\/b><\/b><\/b><\/b><\/b><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Los primeros indicios de la lactancia pudieron haber ocurrido hace 200-310 millones de a\u00f1os. El impacto que tiene la lactancia fue descrito por Carlos Darwin al sostener que la composici\u00f3n de la leche est\u00e1 relacionada con la sobrevivencia de la descendencia. La pr\u00e1ctica de la lactancia ha sido reconocida como la estrategia m\u00e1s costo efectiva en salud p\u00fablica que mejora la salud materno-infantil. La lactancia materna es un modelo de alimentaci\u00f3n nutritivo, sostenible y culturalmente pertinente, adem\u00e1s de ser amigable con el ambiente, de manera directa la lactancia no necesita energ\u00eda el\u00e9ctrica, ni de utensilios, no genera gases de efecto invernadero, ni basura. Para promover la pr\u00e1ctica de lactancia es necesario crear estrategias de promoci\u00f3n desde la etapa prenatal, a fin de lograr su inicio en la primera hora de vida del beb\u00e9. El apoyo a la lactancia comienza con la generaci\u00f3n de programas de estudio y capacitaci\u00f3n; sin embargo, en M\u00e9xico se ha documentado la carencia de formaci\u00f3n pr\u00e1ctica en temas de lactancia dirigidos a personal de salud. En ese sentido, es urgente contar con programas universitarios y de capacitaci\u00f3n, basados en la evidencia cient\u00edfica, en los que se aborden, entre otros temas los aspectos pr\u00e1cticos, f\u00edsicos, emocionales, biol\u00f3gicos, sociales, de pol\u00edtica p\u00fablica y culturales, con perspectiva de g\u00e9nero, de la lactancia materna. En M\u00e9xico, en el \u00e1mbito universitario, se carecen de programas de promoci\u00f3n, apoyo y protecci\u00f3n de la lactancia, lo cual es fundamental para mejorar la equidad educativa y profesional de mujeres trabajadoras y estudiantes, as\u00ed como promover la salud del binomio madre-hijo. El Instituto de Salud P\u00fablica de la Universidad Veracruzana est\u00e1 comprometido con la promoci\u00f3n, el apoyo y la protecci\u00f3n de la lactancia materna; desde 2012 se han llevado a cabo actividades de consejer\u00eda, cursos y talleres, as\u00ed como participado en abogac\u00eda y protecci\u00f3n de la lactancia mediante colaboraciones intersectoriales.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_divider color=&#8221;#0400f0&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Section&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-162px|||||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;316px||0px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row admin_label=&#8221;Title Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-66px|auto||auto||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Title &#038; Paragraph&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;18px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.8em&#8221; header_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Muli|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;50px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; max_width=&#8221;640px&#8221; max_width_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;0px|||0px&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;40px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"fs18\" style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 18pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 31px; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">Oncometrix: El predictor de la respuesta a la quimioterapia neoadyuvante en c\u00e1ncer de mama<\/span><\/strong><a href=\"\/\/10.22201\/fm.0188137xe.2019.43.01\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/pdf.png&#8221; url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/016-Dr.-Rafael-Nambo-Venega_GALERAS-FINAL1.pdf&#8221; url_new_window=&#8221;on&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; width=&#8221;6%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;1&#8243; make_equal=&#8221;on&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; min_height=&#8221;171px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px|10%|0px|20%&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;|||10%&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;&#8221; use_custom_width=&#8221;on&#8221; width_unit=&#8221;off&#8221; custom_width_percent=&#8221;100%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; background_color=&#8221;#F4583F&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_testimonial portrait_url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/rafael.png&#8221; quote_icon=&#8221;off&#8221; portrait_width=&#8221;150px&#8221; portrait_height=&#8221;150px&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; body_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; body_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#0c71c3&#8243; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_stops=&#8221;#b3b3b3 0%|#ffffff 100%&#8221; background_color_gradient_start=&#8221;#b3b3b3&#8243; background_color_gradient_end=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;dark&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;left&#8221; min_height=&#8221;99px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;80px||4px|||&#8221; border_radii_portrait=&#8221;on|100px|100px|100px|100px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\"><strong><strong>DR. RAFAEL NAMBO VENEGAS<\/strong><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">\n<p>Laboratorio de Envejecimiento Saludable del Instituto Nacional de Medicina Gen\u00f3mica (INMEGEN) en el Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n sobre Envejecimiento (CIE-CINVESTAV Sede Sur), 14330, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, M\u00e9xico.<\/p>\n<p>Laboratorio de Envejecimiento Saludable del Instituto Nacional de Medicina Gen\u00f3mica (INMEGEN) <a href=\"mailto:julieta@astro.unam.mx\" style=\"color: #ff6600;\">rafaelnambo@yahoo.com.mx<\/a><\/p>\n<p>ORCID: 0000-0001-6277-3170<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_testimonial][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-68px|auto||auto||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Georgia||||||||&#8221; min_height=&#8221;403px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||5px|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;37px||0px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"fs12 ff1\" style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/rafael2.png\" width=\"458\" height=\"345\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2086 alignnone size-full\" style=\"float: left;\" \/>Resumen<\/b><\/b><\/b><\/b><\/b><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Antecedentes: El c\u00e1ncer de mama sigue siendo una de las principales causas de mortalidad en mujeres a nivel mundial. La terapia neoadyuvante (NAT) se utiliza para reducir la carga tumoral y mejorar los resultados quir\u00fargicos, sin embargo, la variabilidad en la respuesta limita su eficacia. Por ello, la metabol\u00f3mica junto con la inteligencia artificial ha surgido como una estrategia prometedora para mejorar la tasa de sobrevida de las pacientes con c\u00e1ncer de mama.<br \/>Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como prop\u00f3sito desarrollar y validar un modelo predictivo basado en metabolitos circulantes y aprendizaje autom\u00e1tico, para predecir la respuesta a la NAT y contribuir a la personalizaci\u00f3n del tratamiento.<br \/>M\u00e9todos: Se realiz\u00f3 un estudio retrospectivo en 20 mujeres con c\u00e1ncer de mama que fueron clasificadas como respondedoras o no respondedoras tras recibir NAT. Se analizaron los metabolomas plasm\u00e1ticos mediante espectrometr\u00eda de masas dirigida. Se aplicaron algoritmos de aprendizaje autom\u00e1tico para generar y validar un modelo predictivo.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Resultados: Se identificaron 15 biomarcadores significativos, incluyendo acilcarnitinas y amino\u00e1cidos. El modelo predictivo m\u00e1s efectivo alcanz\u00f3 una precisi\u00f3n del 99.3% y un \u00c1rea Bajo la Curva (AUC) de 0.998 con un 95% de confianza. Estos resultados muestran su potencial como una herramienta para la gesti\u00f3n futura de pacientes.<br \/>Conclusiones: Este estudio refuerza el papel de la metabol\u00f3mica en la medicina personalizada, permitiendo la identificaci\u00f3n efectiva de biomarcadores metab\u00f3licos asociados con la respuesta a la NAT. La integraci\u00f3n de este modelo en la pr\u00e1ctica cl\u00ednica podr\u00eda optimizar los tratamientos, mejorando los resultados en pacientes con c\u00e1ncer de mama.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_divider color=&#8221;#0400f0&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; min_height=&#8221;18.8px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Section&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-162px|||||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;316px||0px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row admin_label=&#8221;Title Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;-66px|auto||auto||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Title &#038; Paragraph&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;18px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.8em&#8221; header_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Muli|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;50px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; max_width=&#8221;640px&#8221; max_width_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;0px|||0px&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;40px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"fs18\" style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 18pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 31px; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">Impacto del microambiente tumoral y de la comunicaci\u00f3n celular a trav\u00e9s de ves\u00edculas extracelulares en la generaci\u00f3n de quimiorresistencia en c\u00e1ncer de colon<\/span><\/strong><a href=\"\/\/10.22201\/fm.0188137xe.2019.43.01\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/pdf.png&#8221; url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/017-Dra.-Martha-Robles-Flores-_GALERAS-FINAL2.pdf&#8221; url_new_window=&#8221;on&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; width=&#8221;6%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;1&#8243; make_equal=&#8221;on&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Testimonial Row&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; min_height=&#8221;171px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px|10%|0px|20%&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;|||10%&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;&#8221; use_custom_width=&#8221;on&#8221; width_unit=&#8221;off&#8221; custom_width_percent=&#8221;100%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; background_color=&#8221;#F4583F&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_testimonial portrait_url=&#8221;http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/martha.png&#8221; quote_icon=&#8221;off&#8221; portrait_width=&#8221;150px&#8221; portrait_height=&#8221;150px&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; body_font=&#8221;Muli|600|||||||&#8221; body_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#0c71c3&#8243; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_stops=&#8221;#b3b3b3 0%|#ffffff 100%&#8221; background_color_gradient_start=&#8221;#b3b3b3&#8243; background_color_gradient_end=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;dark&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;left&#8221; min_height=&#8221;99px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;80px||4px|||&#8221; border_radii_portrait=&#8221;on|100px|100px|100px|100px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\"><strong><strong>DRA. MARTHA ROBLES FLORES<\/strong><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none;\">\n<p>Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico.<\/p>\n<p>Avenida Universidad 3000, Col. Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico C.U., Coyoac\u00e1n, CDMX, CP 04510. Tel: (+52)5556232178. <a href=\"mailto:julieta@astro.unam.mx\" style=\"color: #ff6600;\">rmartha@unam.mx<\/a><\/p>\n<p>ORCID: 0000-0001-6277-3170<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_testimonial][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; min_height=&#8221;475.1px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;-68px|auto||auto||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;Georgia||||||||&#8221; min_height=&#8221;379px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||5px|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;74px||0px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"fs12 ff1\" style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><b style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/martha2.png\" width=\"530\" height=\"313\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2088 alignnone size-full\" style=\"float: left;\" \/>Resumen<\/b><\/b><\/b><\/b><\/b><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; color: #000000; font-family: &amp;quot; times new roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<div style=\"background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; font-size: 100%; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border: 0px none currentColor;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">El desarrollo de resistencia a terapia y recurrencia del c\u00e1ncer es el reto m\u00e1s grande a vencer en la lucha contra el c\u00e1ncer. El c\u00e1ncer colon-rectal tiene alta incidencia y mortalidad y en general se diagnostica en etapas avanzadas, cuando ya hay resistencia a tratamiento. El microambiente tumoral (MT) involucra la estrecha interacci\u00f3n y comunicaci\u00f3n entre las c\u00e9lulas tumorales con las de su entorno. Existe evidencia de la presencia de ligandos Wnt, de factores inducibles por hipoxia, de TGF-beta, y de otros mediadores en el contenido de las ves\u00edculas extracelulares (Evs), que participan en la generaci\u00f3n de resistencia al tratamiento y en la promoci\u00f3n de met\u00e1stasis.<br \/>Las c\u00e9lulas troncales cancerosas (CTCs) presentes en el tumor juega un papel esencial en la promoci\u00f3n de estos procesos, ya que no solamente tienen mecanismos muy eficientes de reparaci\u00f3n de da\u00f1o al DNA y de expulsi\u00f3n de agentes citot\u00f3xicos, sino porque pueden pasar a un estado de quiescencia que les permite sobrevivir y adaptarse a condiciones estresantes. La terapia convencional est\u00e1 dirigida a eliminar a c\u00e9lulas en activa proliferaci\u00f3n, por lo que al entrar a quiescencia las CTCs escapan a los agentes t\u00f3xicos y adem\u00e1s adquieren un estado de \u201cprivilegio inmune\u201d. Existe evidencia de que las v\u00edas de se\u00f1alizaci\u00f3n Wnt, TGF-beta, LPA y las de los factores inducibles por hipoxia est\u00e1n implicadas en la regulaci\u00f3n de la entrada\/salida del estado de quiescencia, por lo que en este trabajo describiremos de qu\u00e9 manera estas v\u00edas regulan a las CTCs para inducir resistencia y para generar tolerancia inmune al tumor. El conocimiento derivado del estudio de estas v\u00edas de se\u00f1alizaci\u00f3n puede proporcionar herramientas muy valiosas para revertir la resistencia al tratamiento y para eliminar selectivamente a las ce\u0301lulas troncales cancerosas persistentes, ambos procesos cruciales para evitar la recurrencia del tumor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_divider color=&#8221;#0400f0&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; min_height=&#8221;18.8px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Blog Section&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; background_position=&#8221;top_center&#8221; min_height=&#8221;59px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px|0px|0px|0px||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>30 a\u00f1os de ense\u00f1anza de la inmunolog\u00eda en la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xicoDR. JES\u00daS MARVIN RIVERA JIM\u00c9NEZ\u00a0 Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico. Avenida Universidad 3000, Col. Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico C.U., Coyoac\u00e1n, CDMX, CP 04510. Tel: (+52)5556232178, marviniko@facmed.unam.mx Resumen La inmunolog\u00eda es [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2006","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2006","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2006"}],"version-history":[{"count":23,"href":"http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2006\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2100,"href":"http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2006\/revisions\/2100"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/biosensor.facmed.unam.mx\/mensajebioquimico\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2006"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}